Circuits

=== Area of Interaction: Environments === === Significant Concepts: Basic circuits === === Unit Question: How have circuits impacted our environments? ===

INVESTIGATE:  Define the following: Voltage:electric potential or potential difference expressed in volts

 Current:used as a medium of exchange

 Resistance:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">giving, capable of, or exhibiting resistance —often used in combination <wrinkle-//resistant// clothes> <a drug-//resistant//strain of virus>

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Circuit:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;"> the complete path of an electric current including usually the source of electric energy

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Transistors:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">a transistor in which the output current is controlled by a variable electric field a solid-state electronic device that is used to control the flow of electricity in electronic equipment and usually consists of a small block of a semiconductor (as germanium) with at least three electrodes

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> LEDs:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">a semiconductor diode that emits light when a voltage is applied to it and that is used especially in electronic devices (as for an indicator light)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Capacitor:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">a device giving capacitance and usually consisting of conducting plates or foils separated by thin layers of dielectric (as air or mica) with the plates on opposite sides of the dielectric layers oppositely charged by a source of voltage and the electrical energy of the charged system stored in the polarized dielectric

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Resistor:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">a device that has electrical resistance and that is used in an electric circuit for protection, operation, or current control

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Switch:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">a device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Digital Electronics: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: sans-serif,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">**Digital electronics** represent <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|signals] by discrete bands of <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|analog] [|levels], rather than by a continuous range. All levels within a band represent the same <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|signal state]. Relatively small changes to the analog signal levels due to <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|manufacturing tolerance], <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|signal attenuation] or <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|parasitic noise] do not leave the discrete envelope, and as result are ignored by signal state sensing circuitry.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Integrated Circuit:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px;">a tiny complex of electronic components and their connections that is produced in or on a small slice of material (as silicon)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Binary Code:<span style="color: #000000; font-family: sans-serif,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">A **binary code** is any system of representing <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|text] or <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|computer processor instructions] by the use of the <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|binary number system] 's two-<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|binary digits] 0 and 1. This is accomplished by assigning a bit string to each particular symbol or instruction. For example, A <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|binary string] of eight digits (<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|bits] ) can represent any of 256 possible values and can therefore correspond to a variety of different symbols, letters or instructions.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> How have circuits impacted our environment?

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Go to the following site and run the circuit construction kit. The site is: <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; padding-right: 10px;">[|Circuit Link]

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Using this site, answer the following questions: <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">1. Using one battery, make the light bulb work. a. Volts: 9.00 b. Amps: .90

2. Light two light bulbs with one battery. a. Volts: 4.50 b. Amps: .45

3. Using a switch to light one light bulb. a. Volts: 9.00 b. Amps: .90

4. Use a capacitor with your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) a. Volts: 8.22 b. Amps: .82

5. Use an inductor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) a. Volts: 8.99 b. Amps .89

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 6. Use an AC Voltage in your circuit. What happens to the current? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> a. Volts: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> b. Amps:

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 7. Which items in the grab bag complete the circuit? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> a. Dollar Bill <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> b. Paper clip <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> c. Penny <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> d. Eraser <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> e. Pencil lead <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> f. Hand <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> g. Dog

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 8. Use a resistor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> a. Volts: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> b. Amps:

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 9. Add two batteries to light one light bulb. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> a. Volts: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> b. Amps:

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 10. Add three batteries to the circuit. Right click on one of the batteries <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> and change the voltage to 100%. What happens to your batteries? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> a. Volts: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> b. Amps:

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 11. Make your own circuit <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> a. Volts: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> b. Amps: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> c. Explain what happened with your circuit: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> d. Describe/draw your circuit below:

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">CREATE <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Now start your circuit project. Get the materials and instruction from Ms. Bradfield.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">EVALUATE

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Answer the Following Questions After You Complete Your Circuit: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">1. Did you like making the circuit? Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 2. What did you like the least about making the circuit? Goggles <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 3. What did you like the best about making the circuit? Making It <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 4. Using complete sentences, explain how circuits can be applied in the real world. (List three)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 5. Were you careful with the circuit, solder, and soldering iron? Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 6. Were you respectful and nice to other students? Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 7. Did you take a picture of both your circuits and add them to this wiki page? No. @ Home

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">ATTITUDE <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">1. Did you have a good attitude answering the questions? Explain: Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 2. Did you have a good attitude making the circuits? Explain: Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> 3. Were you a whiny baby during the circuit unit? Explain: No